Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum
Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum is a topic covered in the Pearson's General Thoracic.
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Key Points
- Neurogenic tumors in the adult are commonly of nerve sheath origin and the majority are benign.
- Children and young adults are more prone to tumors of the autonomic ganglia, which are frequently malignant.
- Nerve sheath tumors comprise one fifth of all mediastinal tumors. The majority of these are either schwannomas (also known as neurilemmomas) or neurofibromas.
- Tumors arising from autonomic ganglia are classified into three histologic types: ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and neuroblastoma.
- von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis is the only known predisposing factor for benign and malignant neurogenic tumors.
- Surgery plays a dominant role in the treatment of for neurogenic tumors.
- Intraspinal extension of neurogenic tumors must be recognized preoperatively and requires a combined posterior spinal and thoracic approach for safe resection.
- Benign neurogenic tumors are good candidates for minimally invasive methods of resection (thoracoscopic [VATS] or robotic) whereas very large or malignant lesions should likely be approached via open exposures.
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Key Points
- Neurogenic tumors in the adult are commonly of nerve sheath origin and the majority are benign.
- Children and young adults are more prone to tumors of the autonomic ganglia, which are frequently malignant.
- Nerve sheath tumors comprise one fifth of all mediastinal tumors. The majority of these are either schwannomas (also known as neurilemmomas) or neurofibromas.
- Tumors arising from autonomic ganglia are classified into three histologic types: ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and neuroblastoma.
- von Recklinghausen’s neurofibromatosis is the only known predisposing factor for benign and malignant neurogenic tumors.
- Surgery plays a dominant role in the treatment of for neurogenic tumors.
- Intraspinal extension of neurogenic tumors must be recognized preoperatively and requires a combined posterior spinal and thoracic approach for safe resection.
- Benign neurogenic tumors are good candidates for minimally invasive methods of resection (thoracoscopic [VATS] or robotic) whereas very large or malignant lesions should likely be approached via open exposures.
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Last updated: November 2, 2022
Citation
Wightman, Sean C, and Joseph B Shrager. "Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum." Pearson's General Thoracic Surgery. STS Cardiothoracic Surgery E-Book, Chicago: Society of Thoracic Surgeons, 2022. STS Surgery, ebook.sts.org.
Wightman SC, Shrager JB. Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum. In: Darling GE, Baumgartner WA, Jacobs JP, eds. Pearson's General Thoracic Surgery. STS Cardiothoracic Surgery E-Book. Chicago: Society of Thoracic Surgeons; 2022. ebook.sts.org. Accessed March 24, 2023.
Wightman, S. C., & Shrager, J. B. (2022). Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum. In Darling, G., Baumgartner, W., & Jacobs, J. (Eds.), Pearson's General Thoracic Surgery. STS Cardiothoracic Surgery E-Book. Chicago: Society of Thoracic Surgeons. ebook.sts.org
Wightman SC, Shrager JB. Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum [Internet]. In: Darling GE, Baumgartner WA, Jacobs JP, editors. Pearson's General Thoracic Surgery. STS Cardiothoracic Surgery E-Book. Chicago: Society of Thoracic Surgeons; 2022. [cited 2023 March 24]. Available from: ebook.sts.org.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum
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ED - Darling,Gail,
ED - Baumgartner,William,
Y1 - 2022/11/02/
BT - Pearson's General Thoracic
UR - https://ebook.sts.org/sts/view/Pearsons-General-Thoracic/1418502/all/Neurogenic_Tumors_of_the_Mediastinum
PB - Chicago: Society of Thoracic Surgeons
DB - STS Surgery
DP - Unbound Medicine
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