Mediastinoscopy
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Key Points
- Mediastinoscopy is used to evaluate mediastinal lymph nodes and extra-anatomic mediastinal masses for primary or metastatic disease via direct tissue biopsy
- Adjuvant techniques such as video mediastinoscopy have improved visualization and trainee education
- Complications include hemorrhage, injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, pneumothorax, and uncommonly, inadvertent injury to major vascular structures
- The sensitivity of mediastinoscopy ranges from 81-93% for detection of mediastinal lymph node involvement in non-small cell lung cancer
- Techniques such as EBUS-TBNA and EUS-FNA are additional methods of mediastinal staging that complement cervical mediastinoscopy
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Key Points
- Mediastinoscopy is used to evaluate mediastinal lymph nodes and extra-anatomic mediastinal masses for primary or metastatic disease via direct tissue biopsy
- Adjuvant techniques such as video mediastinoscopy have improved visualization and trainee education
- Complications include hemorrhage, injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, pneumothorax, and uncommonly, inadvertent injury to major vascular structures
- The sensitivity of mediastinoscopy ranges from 81-93% for detection of mediastinal lymph node involvement in non-small cell lung cancer
- Techniques such as EBUS-TBNA and EUS-FNA are additional methods of mediastinal staging that complement cervical mediastinoscopy
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