Introduction

The medical and surgical care of the patient with Transposition of the Great Arteries has a very colorful history and exemplifies one of the great achievements in modern congenital heart surgery. In contrast to the very first attempts at surgical correction, which invariably failed, the present era of the arterial switch procedure approaches greater than 97% operative survival. This progress is due to incremental learning over decades by true pioneers that made significant advances in the face of many challenges. It has culminated to the present era where multidisciplinary teams achieve outcomes never heretofore realized.