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Lymphomas are malignant neoplasms of lymphocytes and their precursor cells, the principal cellular elements of the immune system. Historically, lymphomas were classified merely by their histologic appearance, specifically cell size and architecture. The current classification system is the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) system, which defines specific subcategories of lymphoma according to the immunologic, molecular, genetic, and clinical characteristics of the lymphoma cells as well as the morphology.[1][2]
Although most subtypes of lymphoma can potentially involve the mediastinum or lungs, only a few present as an isolated mediastinal or pulmonary mass. Those with the potential for a primary thoracic presentation are the focus of this chapter, specifically Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, and pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. We discuss the pathology, clinical and laboratory features, staging, treatment, complications, and prognosis for each of these subtypes when they present in the mediastinum or lung.
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Lymphomas are malignant neoplasms of lymphocytes and their precursor cells, the principal cellular elements of the immune system. Historically, lymphomas were classified merely by their histologic appearance, specifically cell size and architecture. The current classification system is the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) system, which defines specific subcategories of lymphoma according to the immunologic, molecular, genetic, and clinical characteristics of the lymphoma cells as well as the morphology.[1][2]
Although most subtypes of lymphoma can potentially involve the mediastinum or lungs, only a few present as an isolated mediastinal or pulmonary mass. Those with the potential for a primary thoracic presentation are the focus of this chapter, specifically Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, and pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. We discuss the pathology, clinical and laboratory features, staging, treatment, complications, and prognosis for each of these subtypes when they present in the mediastinum or lung.
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